国际援助和现金援助问题

双边类大作文，国际类话题

Some people argue that countries should have a moral obligation to help each other; on the other hand, some people argue that a large amount of aid money does not reach the poor of the world. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

题目来源：2016年5月21日大陆雅思大作文

1题目大意

有些人认为各国应该有道德义务相互帮助；另一方面，一些人认为大量的援助资金并没有给到世界上的穷人手中。讨论这两种观点并给出你自己的看法。

2思路解析

这是一道双边类类题目，讨论的是国际援助意义和进行方式，双边类的题目，需要对每个观点分别表达同意或反对，最终的结论就是我的立场，可以是中立（双方都同意或都反对），也可以是单边支持某一方立场。审题时候需要注意双方的限定对象，前者是“countries”的援助，而不是民间人士或公益组织；后者是围绕着援助形式“aid money”和援助对象“poor of world”进行讨论。下面月半鸭带大家来看下具体观点~

首先来看前者国家有道德义务互相帮助的原因，主要有两方面。

一方面，互帮互助、有能力的人帮助需要的人符合人类的普世价值观，国家作为人类聚集形成的一个主体，理应遵循人们本身的价值观。较为发达国家有义务帮助落后国家去度过难关，各类援助可能在发达国家的经济占比并不高，但是能够避免受援助的人民因为饥饿、疾病、灾害等原因死亡。

另一方面，人类的进一步发展离不开各国的通力合作，许多问题单靠一个国家是难以解决的。各国互帮互助能够建立更好的信任关系和伙伴关系，为更长远的未来打下基础。

然后来看后者现金援助的问题。

首先，现金援助确实可能会因为各类问题无法落实到实处，比如官僚阶层的贪污、或是被政府用于其他与民生无关的领域。但是，不能因此否认援助本身的价值。援助国可以采用更多不同的形式来帮助当地穷人。一是直接援助实物，比如粮食、衣物、药品等，这些可以直接帮助当地人对抗饥饿、寒冷、疾病等生存问题。二是进行产业援助，帮助当地建立更好的农业、工业等，使其有希望能够在食物上自给自足，帮助当地发展经济并为居民提供更多工作岗位，从而逐步摆脱贫困的境地。三是开展更多教育活动，使得更多穷人有接受教育机会来提高自身的竞争力，甚至为当地培养人才队伍能够投入到建设中

3提纲

4高分范文示例

People have different views about whether countries in the world should have moral responsibilities of international aid. In my view, it is morally correct to have a sense of helping the poor, and we should find ways to use aid money more effectively.

On the one hand, countries are supposed to help other nations in need under ethical considerations. All human beings have dignity deserving respect and are entitled to what is necessary to live in dignity, including a right to the goods necessary to satisfy one’s basic needs. This right to satisfy basic needs takes precedence over the rights of others to accumulate wealth and property. When people are without the resources needed to survive, those with surplus resources are obligated to come to their aid. And also, it is clear that suffering and death from starvation are harms. It is also clear that minor financial sacrifices on the part of people of rich nations can prevent massive amounts of suffering and death from starvation. It can therefore be concluded that rich nations have a moral obligation to aid poor nations.

On the other hand, I believe that foreign aid should be used more wisely. The current aid money to poor areas is often misplaced. Instead of being spent on poor money, the aid money often ended up to authority corruption and military expenses, and thus it is essential to apply foreign aid more appropriately. Firstly, aid should be a lay emphasis on science and technology aiming to improve people’s living standards. International aid from developed countries have helped people in some underdeveloped countries like Africa, Latin America and Asia, and improved their living environment and helped them with the development of agriculture, industry and economy. Secondly, aid should also contribute to the field of education. Granting everyone a chance to approach knowledge can create a well-educated workforce, and ensure the people shake off poverty.

In conclusion, the world’s nations should provide aid to those countries in need, and they also need to consider more effective approaches when offering aid.

范文作者：黄双尘

5相关词汇和语法结构

Ethical consideration 道德方面的考量

Dignity 庄重、庄严

Entitle 赋予权力、使符合资格

Precedence 优先权

Accumulate 积累、逐渐增加

Surplus 盈余、剩余

Sacrifice 牺牲、祭献

Starvation 饥饿、挨饿

Misplace 随意搁置、乱放

Grant 授予、允许

Poverty 贫穷、贫困